How Do Organisms Reproduce

Sexual reproduction in human beings takes place by the fusion of sperm (male gamete) with the egg (female gamete) in the fallopian tube of the female.

This results in extensive structural and functional arrangement of body parts in humans.

GAMETES:

• Sperm is the male gamete in animals

• Ovum or egg is the female gamete in animals

FERTILISATION

Fertilization is the fusion of a male gamete with a female gamete. It form a zygote during the sexual reproduction.

• INTERNAL FERTILISATION: The fertilisation which occurs inside the female body is called internal fertilisation.

• EXTERNAL FERTILISATION: The fertilisation which occurs outside the female body is called external fertilisation.

In amphibians (like frogs and toads) and fishes, eternal fertilisation takes place.

ADVANTAGES OF SEXUAL REPRODUTION

• Much genetic variation is not possible in asexual reproduction.

• Sexual reproduction leads to a greater variety in population.

• Sexual reproduction plays an important role in the origin of new species having different characteristics.

• The genetic variation in sexual reproduction leads to the continuous evolution of various species to form better and still better organisms.